See pessimist on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pessimist meaning in All languages combined (20.6kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "pessimiste"
},
"expansion": "French pessimiste",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pessimus",
"4": "",
"5": "worst"
},
"expansion": "Latin pessimus (“worst”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French pessimiste, from Latin pessimus (“worst”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessimists",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pessimist (plural pessimists)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovene links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Stock characters",
"orig": "en:Stock characters",
"parents": [
"Fictional characters",
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Afropessimist"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Someone who habitually expects the worst outcome; one who looks on the dark side of things."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "in finance",
"word": "bear"
}
],
"id": "en-pessimist-en-noun-ygavElk0",
"related": [
{
"word": "pessimism"
},
{
"word": "pessimistic"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mutašāʔim",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "مُتَشَائِم"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hoṙetes",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "հոռետես"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "bədbin"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "bədbin adam"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pjesimist",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "песіміст"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pesimist",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "песимист"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimista"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "悲觀主義者"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bēiguānzhǔyìzhě",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "悲观主义者"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimistu"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimista"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škarohlíd"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sortseer"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwartdenker"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doemdenker"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimisto"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesimistino"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "nigravidulo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pessimisti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimiste"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimista"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Pessimist"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pessimistin"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apaisiódoxos",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "απαισιόδοξος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pesszimista"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "svartsýnismaður"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pesimisto"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pesimis"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duarcán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimista"
},
{
"alt": "ひかんしゅぎしゃ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hikanshugisha",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "悲観主義者"
},
{
"alt": "えんせいか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "enseika",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "厭世家"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "peshimisuto",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "ペシミスト"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeomsega",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "염세가"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "pessimist",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "пессимист"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pesimist",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "песимист"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "doo-aignagh"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimiste"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesymista"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesymistka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czarnowidz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimista"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimist"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesimistă"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pessimista"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pessimíst",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пессими́ст"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pessimístka",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пессими́стка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "песѝмист"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesìmist"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimista"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovenian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimíst"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimista"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agorero"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "nirāśāvādi",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "నిరాశావాది"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "yid chad ring lugs pa",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "ཡིད་ཆད་རིང་ལུགས་པ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pesimist"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "kötümser"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "karamsar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "bedbin"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pesymíst",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "песимі́ст"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "badiman"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hibadiman"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jibadiman"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimist"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛsɪmɪst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessimisten",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimister",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimister",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisterne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimists",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimistens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisters",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisternes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "pessimister",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "pessimisten",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "pessimist c (singular definite pessimisten, plural indefinite pessimister)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "pessimist c (singular definite pessimisten, plural indefinite pessimister)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "pessimisternes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "pessimisters",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "pessimistens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "pessimists",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "pessimisterne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "pessimister",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "pessimisten",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "pessimist"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pessimist"
],
"id": "en-pessimist-da-noun-~cRTBGt-",
"links": [
[
"pessimist",
"pessimist#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "pesimis"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: pesimis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: pesimis"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessimisten",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimistje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimiste",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "pessimistje",
"f": "pessimiste"
},
"expansion": "pessimist m (plural pessimisten, diminutive pessimistje n, feminine pessimiste)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pessimist"
],
"id": "en-pessimist-nl-noun-~cRTBGt-",
"links": [
[
"pessimist",
"pessimist#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "pessimist",
"word": "doemdenker"
},
{
"sense": "pessimist",
"word": "zwartdenker"
},
{
"sense": "pessimist",
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}
],
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"text": "Audio"
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],
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}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessimisten",
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"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimister",
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},
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}
],
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{
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[
"pessimist",
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}
],
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{
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],
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{
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"singular"
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},
{
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"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
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"plural"
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"tags": [
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}
],
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}
{
"forms": [
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"form": "no-table-tags",
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"table-tags"
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},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
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"inflection-template"
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{
"form": "pessimist",
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{
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"indefinite",
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"plural"
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},
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"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
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},
{
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"indefinite",
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},
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"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisters",
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"indefinite",
"plural"
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},
{
"form": "pessimisternas",
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"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
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"head": "",
"sort": ""
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "pessimist c",
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}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
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],
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"links": [
[
"pessimist",
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],
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{
"word": "pessimism"
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{
"word": "pessimistisk"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
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{
"form": "pessimisten",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimister",
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"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimist",
"source": "declension",
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},
{
"form": "pessimisten",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimister",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisterne",
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"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimists",
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"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimistens",
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"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisters",
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"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisternes",
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"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"10": "pessimister",
"11": "",
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"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
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"3": "singular definite",
"4": "pessimisten",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
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"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "pessimist c (singular definite pessimisten, plural indefinite pessimister)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "pessimist c (singular definite pessimisten, plural indefinite pessimister)",
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}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
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"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "pessimisters",
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"gen-sg-indef": "pessimists",
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"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "pessimister",
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"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "pessimisten",
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"sg-indef": "pessimist"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish nouns"
],
"glosses": [
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"links": [
[
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"pessimist#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
{
"descendants": [
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"depth": 1,
"templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "pesimis"
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"expansion": "Indonesian: pesimis",
"name": "desc"
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],
"text": "Indonesian: pesimis"
}
],
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{
"form": "pessimisten",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "pessimistje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimiste",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"3": "pessimistje",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
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"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms with audio links"
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"pessimist"
],
"links": [
[
"pessimist",
"pessimist#English"
]
],
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"masculine"
]
}
],
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Nl-pessimist.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "pessimist",
"word": "doemdenker"
},
{
"sense": "pessimist",
"word": "zwartdenker"
},
{
"sense": "pessimist",
"word": "zwartkijker"
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Afropessimist"
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],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "pessimiste"
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"expansion": "French pessimiste",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pessimus",
"4": "",
"5": "worst"
},
"expansion": "Latin pessimus (“worst”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French pessimiste, from Latin pessimus (“worst”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessimists",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pessimist (plural pessimists)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "in finance",
"word": "bear"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
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{
"word": "pessimistic"
}
],
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"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Slovene links with redundant target parameters",
"Ukrainian links with redundant target parameters",
"en:People",
"en:Stock characters"
],
"glosses": [
"Someone who habitually expects the worst outcome; one who looks on the dark side of things."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛsɪmɪst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pessimist.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mutašāʔim",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "مُتَشَائِم"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hoṙetes",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "հոռետես"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "bədbin"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "bədbin adam"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pjesimist",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "песіміст"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pesimist",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "песимист"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimista"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "悲觀主義者"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bēiguānzhǔyìzhě",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "悲观主义者"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimistu"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimista"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škarohlíd"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sortseer"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwartdenker"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doemdenker"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimisto"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesimistino"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "nigravidulo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pessimisti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimiste"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimista"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Pessimist"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pessimistin"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apaisiódoxos",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "απαισιόδοξος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pesszimista"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "svartsýnismaður"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pesimisto"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pesimis"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duarcán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimista"
},
{
"alt": "ひかんしゅぎしゃ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hikanshugisha",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "悲観主義者"
},
{
"alt": "えんせいか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "enseika",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "厭世家"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "peshimisuto",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "ペシミスト"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeomsega",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "염세가"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "pessimist",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "пессимист"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pesimist",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "песимист"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "doo-aignagh"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimiste"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesymista"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesymistka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czarnowidz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimista"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimist"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesimistă"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pessimista"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pessimíst",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пессими́ст"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pessimístka",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пессими́стка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "песѝмист"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesìmist"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimista"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovenian",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimíst"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimista"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agorero"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "nirāśāvādi",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "నిరాశావాది"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "yid chad ring lugs pa",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "ཡིད་ཆད་རིང་ལུགས་པ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pesimist"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "kötümser"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "karamsar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "bedbin"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pesymíst",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "песимі́ст"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"word": "pessimist"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "badiman"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hibadiman"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jibadiman"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "someone who habitually expects the worst outcome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pesimist"
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessimisten",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimister",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimistene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "pessimisten",
"5": "indefinite plural",
"6": "pessimister",
"7": "definite plural",
"8": "pessimistene",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pessimist m (definite singular pessimisten, indefinite plural pessimister, definite plural pessimistene)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pessimisme"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"a pessimist"
],
"links": [
[
"pessimist",
"pessimist#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessimisten",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimistar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimistane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "pessimisten",
"5": "indefinite plural",
"6": "pessimistar",
"7": "definite plural",
"8": "pessimistane",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pessimist m (definite singular pessimisten, indefinite plural pessimistar, definite plural pessimistane)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pessimisme"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"a pessimist"
],
"links": [
[
"pessimist",
"pessimist#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimister",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisterna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimists",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimistens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisters",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimisternas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pessimist c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "pessimist c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pessimism"
},
{
"word": "pessimistisk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimist"
}
],
"categories": [
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"a pessimist"
],
"links": [
[
"pessimist",
"pessimist#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "pessimist"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.